Field notes about fire and snakes

May 25, 2026

Written by Alexandra F. Gilbert

A peaceful lull fell across the room, a nonverbal signal of our collective thoughts: lunch. After a few hours of animated conversation discussing the inception of a women’s artisanal collective, it was time to recharge. Stepping out of the school hall, we were greeted not by fresh air, but alarmingly, by a haze of grey smoke, punctuated by orange flames licking the nearby shrubbery. Unnerving thoughts of wildfires and deforestation flitted through my mind. However, on looking around, the women from the focus group appeared as if they could equally be watching butterflies floating lazily in mid-air.

Bewildered, I approached one woman with her child impressively balanced on her hip to gain some much-needed insight. She breezily replied that they had, in fact, started the fire as a measure to cut back undergrowth to reduce the risk of the presence of snakes and other undesirable visitors. I mentally added this to the growing list of ways I had witnessed Tsimane’ knowledge holders using fire as a tool to sustain their livelihoods. Security, the newest addition, now sat alongside agricultural practices, cooking and artisanal practices, leaving me wondering what other remarkable relationships were forged with fire.

As if on cue, much to the delight of a gaggle of children, a majestic and enormous snake suddenly emerged from the grass. In a display that felt positively biblical, the creature exposed itself to slither across patches of blackened grass, dodging the most intense areas of the blaze. It reached the far end of the carefully prescribed burning area before camouflaging with the grass once again. I was reassured by members of the group that the snake was not venomous, but nevertheless I sat down to eat lunch feeling grateful both to have witnessed this scene and to know our scaly friend was a little further away than before.

The IEK-CHANGES project is an ERC Starting Grant funded by the European Union (IEK-CHANGES, 101117423) to Dr. Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares.

Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council Executive Agency. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.

© 2026 Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
All rights reserved

All Amazonian pictures by Joan de la Malla

Illustrations and logo design by Mar Cartró-Sabaté

El proyecto IEK-CHANGES es una beca «Starting Grant» del Consejo Europeo de Investigación (ERC) financiada por la Unión Europea (IEK-CHANGES, 101117423) y concedida al Dr. Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares.

No obstante, las opiniones y puntos de vista expresados son exclusivamente de los autores y no reflejan necesariamente los de la Unión Europea ni los de la Agencia Ejecutiva del Consejo Europeo de Investigación. Ni la Unión Europea ni la autoridad que concede la subvención se hacen responsables de los mismos.

© 2026 Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
Todos los derechos reservados

Todas las fotografías de la Amazonía son de Joan de la Malla

Ilustraciones y diseño del logotipo: Mar Cartró-Sabaté

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